Mathematicians during the Third Reich and World War II

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This is an momentarly edited page for the new Version of Mathematicians during the Third Reich



Prof. Thomas Huckle
Institut für Informatik
TU München
huckle@in.tum.de


The Third Reich changed the world it inflected many people. A Lot of Science was done for the war, a lot of people worked for the war on both sides, but there were also people who tried to stand neutral and avoided their work would be spoiled for war reasons.
In the following it's a short summary on mathematicans, who fled, hid, died, were imprisoned or even worked for the war parties.


Mathematicans

Died


Berwald, Ludwig: Dismissed 1939 in Prague; Deportation by Gestapo to Lodz where he died in April 1942.

Blumenthal, Otto: dismissed 1939 from Aachen and - for a short while - kept in "protective custody". Editor of 'Mathematische Annalen' until 1938. In 1939 he went to Holland. When the Netherlands had fallen, he refused the help of Dutch friends and was deported to Theresienstadt where he died 1944.

Imprisoned


Hidden


Emigration


Non-Emigrants


Working in war related research


German Universities during the "Third Reich"


Further Informations


Female Mathematicians School books and Nazi mathematical arithmetic problems About the Education system in the "Third Reich" School work mixed with propaganda Overview over school during the "Third Reich" Ideology and Propaganda in school


General Information in the Web


University St. Andrews, Scotland, History of Mathematics archive

Lebensdaten beruehmter Mathematiker/innen, Uni Freiberg

The mathematics Genealogy Project

Famous Mathematicians

Kurzbiographien (Artin, Bernstein, Bieberbach, Blaschke, Blumenthal, Cohn-Vossen, Courant, Froehlich, Grell, Landau, Mises, Neugebauer, von Neumann, Noether, Rademacher, Rellich, Remak, Rogosinski, Schur, Siegel, Toeplitz, Zorn)

Simon Wiesenthal Center

Vertriebene, Kollegen in einer dunklen Zeit, Uni Bielefeld?

Geometry.Net, Scientists

Aspects of Italian mathematics during the Fascist period by Michele Benzi

Juedische Mathematiker im "Dritten Reich"

seminar talks

Books and articles


BAUER, Friedrich L., Pringsheim, Liebmann, Hartogs - Schicksale juedischer Mathematiker in Muenchen, Sonderdruck 1 aus den Sitzungsberichten der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften 1997. Muenchen 1997.

BERGMANN, Birgit, EPPLE, Moritz, Jüdische Mathematiker in der deutschsprachigen akademischen Kultur, ISBN 978-3-540-69250-8

BORN, Max, Mein Leben. München 1975. (Englisch: My Life)

CONANT, Jennet, Tuxedo Park: A Wall Street Tycoon and the Secret Palace of Science That Changed the Course of World War II

CORNWELL, John, Hitler's Scientists. (Deutsch: Forschen fuer den Fuehrer)

EPPLE, Moritz, und REMMERT, Volker, Eine ungeahnte Synthese zwischen reiner und angewandter Mathematik, in: Kaufmann, Doris hg.: Geschichte der Kaiser-Wilhelm-Gesellschaft im Nationalsozialismus Band I, 258-295

FERMI, Laura, Illustrious Immigrants

HEIBER, Helmut, Universitaet unterm Hakenkreuz

JENS, Walter und Inge, Frau Thomas Mann, Reinbek bei Hamburg 2003.

KRANTZ, Steven, Mathematical Apocrypha: Anectodes

MEDAWAR, Jean, und PYKE, David, Hitlers' Gift. London 2001.

MEHRTENS, Herbert, Das "Dritte Reich" in der Naturwissenschaftgeschichte. In: Naturwissenschaft, Technik und NS-Ideologie, hg. v. Herbert Mehrtens und Steffen Richter, Frankfurt 1980, S. 15-115.

MENZLER-TROTT, Eckart, Gentzens Problem, Mathematische Logik im nationalsozialistischen Deutschland, Basel, 2001.

PINL, Maximilian, Kollegen in einer dunklen Zeit Teil I, Jahresbericht DMV (JDMV) 71 (1969) S. 167-228.

PINL, Maximilian, Kollegen in einer dunklen Zeit Teil II, JDMV 72 (1971/72) S. 165-189.

PINL, Maximilian, Kollegen in einer dunklen Zeit Teil III, JDMV 73 (1969) S. 153-208.

PINL, Maximilian, und DICK, Auguste, Kollegen in einer dunklen Zeil, Schluss, JDMV 75 (1974) S. 166-208, Nachtrag und Berichtigung JDMV 77 (1976) S. 161-164.

PINL, Maximilian, und FURTMÜLLER, Lux, Mathematicians under Hitler. In: Yearbook Leo Baeck Institute 18 (1973) S. 129-182.

REMMERT, Volker R., Vom Umgang mit der Macht: Das Freiburger Mathematische Institut im "Dritten Reich" 1999, 14 (1999), 2, 56-85

SCHAPPACHER, Norbert, unter Mitwirkung von KNESER, Martin, Fachverband - Institut - Staat. In: Ein Jahrhundert Mathematik 1890-1990. Braunschweig/Wiesbaden 1990.

SEGAL, Sanford, Mathematicians under the Nazis. Princeton 2003.

SIEGMUND-SCHULTZE, Reinhard, Mathematiker auf der Flucht vor Hitler. Braunschweig/Wiesbaden 1998.

STRAUSS, Herbert, ROEDER, Werner, Biographisches Handbuch der deutschsprachigen Emigration nach 1933-1945 / International Biographical Dictionary of Central European Emigrés 1933-1945: Bd II: Arts, Sciences, and Literature

TOEPELL, Michael, Mathematiker und Mathematik an der Universität München - 500 Jahre Lehre und Forschung. Habilitationsschrift Mün-chen 1992. Algorismus - Studien zur Geschichte der Mathematik und der Naturwissenschaften Band 19 (1996).

TOBIES, Renate, Biographisches Lexikon in Mathematik promovierter Personen, see also here

YANDELL, Benjamin, The Honors Class. Natick 2002.